澳大利亚畜牧业简介Brief Introduction of Australian Livestock Industry

Brief Introduction of Australian Livestock Industry

澳大利亚的畜牧业

Australia is a relatively developed country in the world in terms of animal husbandry, mainly raising sheep and cattle.

澳大利亚是世界上畜牧业相对发达的国家，主要饲养羊和牛。

The number of sheep ranks first in the world and is known as the "country on the back of sheep". Australia has 150 million sheep, and the output value of sheep farming reaches 1.82 billion Australian dollars. The sheep breed is mainly Merino sheep, which produces mainly wool, accounting for 75% of the total number of sheep, 12% of the generation of Merino sheep and Boer goat crosses, and 9% of the crosses between Merino and other breeds. Wool production reaches 1.1 million tons, which is exported abroad and is the most important export commodity, accounting for 43% of the agricultural output in export value.

绵羊数量居世界首位，素有“骑在羊背上的国家”之称。澳大利亚现有绵羊1.5亿只，养羊业的产值达18.2亿澳元。绵羊品种主要是以产毛为主的Merino(美利奴)羊，占羊总数的75％，美利奴羊与波尔山羊的一代杂交品种占12％，美利奴与其他品种的杂交后代占9％。羊毛产量达110万吨，远销国外，是最主要的出口商品，在出口产值中占农业产值的43％。

The Australian sheep industry is divided into three types: first, the natural pasture rough management area, the largest area, but the number of sheep is less than 30% of the country, pasture capacity is very low; the second is wheat cultivation and sheep farming area, the area planted grain and part of the artificial pasture, the number of sheep accounted for 40% of the country, mainly to raise meat sheep and beef cattle; third is the high rainfall area, mainly by artificial planting pasture, the extensive use of machinery, and also the beef cattle, the number of sheep accounted for more than 30% of the country. The number of sheep accounts for more than 30% of the country.

澳大利亚养羊业分三个类型：一是天然草场粗放经营区，面积最大，但羊的数量不到全国的30％，草场载畜量极低；二是小麦种植和养羊兼营区，该区种植谷物和部分人工草场，羊的数量占全国的40％，主要饲养肉羊和肉牛；三是高雨量区，主要靠人工种植牧草，广泛使用机械，兼营肉牛，羊的数量占全国的30％以上。

Australia's cattle mainly include Holstein cattle, Angus cattle, Brangis cattle and other breeds, the number of cattle inventory is about 27.4 million, and the annual per capita consumption of beef is 36. 2kg.There are 11,022 dairy farms and 130 dairy processing plants. There are 2.3 million dairy cows, with an average daily milk production of 28 L per cow. Amount to A$7.7 billion annual benefits were produced from cattle farming.

澳大利亚的牛主要有荷斯坦牛、安格斯牛、布朗盖斯牛等品种，牛的存栏头数约2740万头，年人均消费牛肉36.2kg。有11022个奶牛农场，130个奶业加工厂。奶牛230万头，每天每头奶牛的产奶量平均为28升。每年从养牛中产生的效益达77亿澳元。  

There are more than 3 million pigs in Australia, with an annual production of 2.82 million tons of pork and an annual per capita consumption of 18.8 kg of pork. 7.608 million poultry are stocked, with an annual production of 732,000 tons of poultry meat. Meanwhile, Australia is rich in aquatic resources, with 16% more fishing area than the country's land area, and is the third largest fishing area in the world, with an annual production of 350,000 tons of fish. The proportion of grain, meat and other livestock products in Australia's agricultural products are 48%, 27% and 25% respectively, and the economic output value of wool, beef and milk accounts for 24%, 16% and 5% of the total agricultural output value respectively, and the livestock industry has been highly valued and developed as a high value-added industry. Australia's agricultural output value is AUD28 billion, of which the export value of meat is AUD5.5 billion to AUD6 billion, making it an important producer and exporter of agricultural products in the world. Australia's wool, meat exports accounted for the world's first and second, respectively, is the main body of its agricultural exports, accounting for 24% of exports; exports of agricultural products, wool exports can account for more than 95% of its production, beef for 61%.

澳大利亚的猪有300多万头，年生产猪肉282万吨，年人均消费猪肉18.8kg。家禽存栏760.8万只，禽肉年产量73.2万吨。同时澳大利亚的水产资源很丰富，捕鱼面积比国土面积还多16％，是世界第三大捕鱼区，年产鱼35万吨。澳大利亚的粮食、肉类、其他畜产品在农业产品中的比重分别为48％、27％和25％ ，羊毛、牛肉和牛奶的经济产值占农业总产值的比重分别为24％、16％和5％，畜牧业作为高附加值的产业得到了高度重视和发展。澳大利亚农业产值280亿澳元，其中出口肉类产值55亿～60亿澳元，是世界上重要的农产品生产国和出口国，畜牧业生产高度依赖于国际市场。澳大利亚的羊毛、肉类的出口分别占世界的第一和第二位，是其农产品出口的主体，占出口商品的24％；出口农产品中，羊毛出口量可占其产量的95％以上，牛肉为61％。

²                      The above information is for reference only.

²                      以上信息仅供参考